{"id":25161,"date":"2026-05-06T00:58:11","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T00:58:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/?p=25161"},"modified":"2026-05-22T16:54:30","modified_gmt":"2026-05-22T16:54:30","slug":"did-jesus-invent-charity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/did-jesus-invent-charity\/","title":{"rendered":"Did Jesus Invent Charity? (VIDEO)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-fontsize=\"42\" data-lineheight=\"58.8px\">Did Jesus Invent Charity? (vIDEO)<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Welcome to the home of <strong>Episode 177<\/strong> of the <a style=\"outline: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/podcast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Misquoting Jesus Podcast<\/a> with Bart Ehrman. \u00a0Below, you can watch the entire episode, read its description, and see links to related resources.<\/p>\n<h2 data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\">links mentioned in this episode:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a style=\"outline: currentcolor;\" href=\"https:\/\/bartehrman.com\/bsa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Biblical Studies Academy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"outline: currentcolor;\" href=\"https:\/\/bartehrman.com\/gospelofpeter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Gospel of Peter<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\">episode description<\/h2>\n<p>Disclaimer: We use an AI generation tool for episode summaries.<\/p>\n<p data-end=\"472\" data-start=\"128\">Episode 184 explores a central but often misunderstood Christian idea: hell as eternal fiery torment. Bart Ehrman argues that this widely held belief is not actually found in the Bible as traditionally assumed. Instead, he explains that both the Hebrew Bible and the teachings of Jesus<strong> lack any concept of eternal conscious torment after death<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-end=\"743\" data-start=\"474\">In the Hebrew Bible, humans are not seen as having immortal souls that survive death; rather, a person is a unified body animated by breath. When that breath ceases, the person no longer exists. <strong>Concepts like Sheol refer simply to the grave, not a place of punishment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"aspect-ratio: auto 50 \/ 50;\" title=\"MJ\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/MJ.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"45\" height=\"45\" data-id=\"25076\" data-init-width=\"50\" data-init-height=\"50\" data-width=\"45\" data-height=\"45\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Misquoting Jesus<\/p>\n<p>Never Miss an Episode of Misquoting Jesus<\/p>\n<p>Get key insights, episode summaries, and exclusive content you won&#8217;t hear on the podcast.<\/p>\n<p>__CONFIG_colors_palette__{&#8220;active_palette&#8221;:0,&#8221;config&#8221;:{&#8220;colors&#8221;:{&#8220;68c4b&#8221;:{&#8220;name&#8221;:&#8221;Main accent&#8221;,&#8221;parent&#8221;:-1},&#8221;847d2&#8243;:{&#8220;name&#8221;:&#8221;Accent Light&#8221;,&#8221;parent&#8221;:&#8221;68c4b&#8221;,&#8221;lock&#8221;:{&#8220;lightness&#8221;:1,&#8221;saturation&#8221;:1}}},&#8221;gradients&#8221;:[]},&#8221;palettes&#8221;:[{&#8220;name&#8221;:&#8221;Default&#8221;,&#8221;value&#8221;:{&#8220;colors&#8221;:{&#8220;68c4b&#8221;:{&#8220;val&#8221;:&#8221;var(&#8211;tcb-skin-color-0)&#8221;},&#8221;847d2&#8243;:{&#8220;val&#8221;:&#8221;rgb(248, 245, 241)&#8221;,&#8221;hsl_parent_dependency&#8221;:{&#8220;h&#8221;:34,&#8221;l&#8221;:0.96,&#8221;s&#8221;:0.33}}},&#8221;gradients&#8221;:[]},&#8221;original&#8221;:{&#8220;colors&#8221;:{&#8220;68c4b&#8221;:{&#8220;val&#8221;:&#8221;rgb(47, 138, 229)&#8221;,&#8221;hsl&#8221;:{&#8220;h&#8221;:210,&#8221;s&#8221;:0.77,&#8221;l&#8221;:0.54,&#8221;a&#8221;:1}},&#8221;847d2&#8243;:{&#8220;val&#8221;:&#8221;rgb(243, 246, 249)&#8221;,&#8221;hsl_parent_dependency&#8221;:{&#8220;h&#8221;:209,&#8221;s&#8221;:0.33,&#8221;l&#8221;:0.96,&#8221;a&#8221;:1}}},&#8221;gradients&#8221;:[]}}]}__CONFIG_colors_palette__ __CONFIG_colors_palette__{&#8220;active_palette&#8221;:0,&#8221;config&#8221;:{&#8220;colors&#8221;:{&#8220;3e1f8&#8221;:{&#8220;name&#8221;:&#8221;Main Accent&#8221;,&#8221;parent&#8221;:-1}},&#8221;gradients&#8221;:[]},&#8221;palettes&#8221;:[{&#8220;name&#8221;:&#8221;Default Palette&#8221;,&#8221;value&#8221;:{&#8220;colors&#8221;:{&#8220;3e1f8&#8221;:{&#8220;val&#8221;:&#8221;rgb(199, 149, 47)&#8221;,&#8221;hsl&#8221;:{&#8220;h&#8221;:40,&#8221;s&#8221;:0.6179,&#8221;l&#8221;:0.4824,&#8221;a&#8221;:1}}},&#8221;gradients&#8221;:[]},&#8221;original&#8221;:{&#8220;colors&#8221;:{&#8220;3e1f8&#8221;:{&#8220;val&#8221;:&#8221;rgb(19, 114, 211)&#8221;,&#8221;hsl&#8221;:{&#8220;h&#8221;:210,&#8221;s&#8221;:0.83,&#8221;l&#8221;:0.45}}},&#8221;gradients&#8221;:[]}}]}__CONFIG_colors_palette__ <a href=\"#\"> Join 50,000+ listeners <\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>By signing up, you agree to receive marketing emails. Unsubscribe anytime.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"aspect-ratio: auto 500 \/ 500;\" title=\"Bart Ehrman and Megan Lewis\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bart-Ehrman-and-Megan-Lewis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"342\" height=\"342\" data-id=\"25094\" data-init-width=\"500\" data-init-height=\"500\" data-width=\"342\" data-height=\"342\" \/><\/p>\n<p>PLUS: Get our free course:<\/p>\n<p>Did Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John Actually Write the Gospels?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"aspect-ratio: auto 500 \/ 310;\" title=\"Did MMLJ Actually Write the Gospels\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Did-MMLJ-Actually-Write-the-Gospels.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"198\" height=\"123\" data-id=\"25097\" data-init-width=\"500\" data-init-height=\"310\" data-width=\"198\" data-height=\"123\" \/><\/p>\n<p>PLUS: Get our free course:<\/p>\n<p>Did Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John Actually Write the Gospels?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"aspect-ratio: auto 500 \/ 310;\" title=\"Did MMLJ Actually Write the Gospels\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Did-MMLJ-Actually-Write-the-Gospels.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"198\" height=\"123\" data-id=\"25097\" data-init-width=\"500\" data-init-height=\"310\" data-width=\"198\" data-height=\"123\" \/><\/p>\n<p data-end=\"1164\" data-start=\"745\">Turning to the New Testament, Ehrman emphasizes that even passages often cited\u2014such as the \u201clake of fire\u201d in Revelation or Jesus\u2019 warnings about fire\u2014<strong>do not describe eternal torment<\/strong>. Instead, they reflect a belief in annihilation: the wicked are ultimately destroyed, not endlessly tortured. This aligns with Jewish apocalyptic thought, where a future resurrection leads either to eternal life or permanent destruction.<\/p>\n<p data-end=\"1419\" data-start=\"1166\">The idea of hell as eternal suffering, Ehrman argues, emerges later as Christianity spreads into the Greek world. Influenced by Greek philosophy\u2014especially the notion of an immortal soul\u2014Christians began to reinterpret punishment as everlasting torment.<\/p>\n<p data-end=\"1573\" data-start=\"1421\">The episode concludes that<strong> the modern doctrine of hell is a theological development, not a teaching rooted in Jesus<\/strong> or the earliest biblical traditions.<\/p>\n<h2 data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\">ready to dive deeper?<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Related Courses offered by Bart Ehrman and\/or Paths in Biblical Studies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a style=\"outline: currentcolor;\" href=\"https:\/\/ehrman.thrivecart.com\/parables-of-jesus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Parables of Jesus: Jewish Insights into Gospel Ethics, Humor, and Provocation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.bartehrman.com\/jesus-and-the-old-testament\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jesus and the Old Testament<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Related Articles (Free Resources): <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a style=\"outline: currentcolor;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/parable-of-the-good-samaritan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Parable of the Good Samaritan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.bartehrman.com\/jesus-and-the-old-testament\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jesus and the Old Testament<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\">ways to watch or listen to the misquoting jesus podcast:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.7.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc. --><a style=\"outline: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLmutpnyeVQcrRNOzPWdEothXcCVo2Npfv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Watch on YouTube<\/a><\/li>\n<li><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.7.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc. --><a style=\"outline: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/show\/1wJ0B9LP37m1enVOPkZUd0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spotify<\/a> (audio only)<\/li>\n<li><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.7.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc. --><a style=\"outline: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/misquoting-jesus-with-bart-ehrman\/id1650657462\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Apple Podcasts<\/a> (audio only)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">And many more! \u00a0<em>Just search for the show title in your favorite podcast app!<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Did Jesus Invent Charity? (vIDEO) Welcome to the home of Episode 177 of the Misquoting Jesus Podcast with Bart Ehrman. \u00a0Below, you can watch the entire episode, read its description, and see links to related resources. links mentioned in this episode: Biblical Studies Academy The Gospel of Peter episode description Disclaimer: We use an AI [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":25478,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","tve_updated_post":"<div class=\"tcb-clear\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1017\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv-button thrv-button-v2 tcb-local-vars-root\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1067\" style=\"\">\n\t<div class=\"thrive-colors-palette-config\" style=\"display: none !important\">__CONFIG_colors_palette__{\"active_palette\":0,\"config\":{\"colors\":{\"62516\":{\"name\":\"Main Accent\",\"parent\":-1}},\"gradients\":[]},\"palettes\":[{\"name\":\"Default Palette\",\"value\":{\"colors\":{\"62516\":{\"val\":\"var(--tcb-skin-color-0)\"}},\"gradients\":[]}}]}__CONFIG_colors_palette__<\/div>\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/podcast\" class=\"tcb-button-link tcb-plain-text\" style=\"\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t<span class=\"tcb-button-texts\"><span class=\"tcb-button-text thrv-inline-text\" style=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1089\">Misquoting Jesus Podcast<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\" id=\"article-title\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"42\" data-lineheight=\"58.8px\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1098\">Did Jesus Invent Charity? (vIDEO)<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f10a3\" style=\"\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f10c4\">Welcome to the home of <strong>Episode 177<\/strong> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/podcast\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" style=\"outline: none;\">Misquoting Jesus Podcast<\/a> with Bart Ehrman. &nbsp;Below, you can watch the entire episode, read its description, and see links to related resources.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"thrv_responsive_video thrv_wrapper tcb-lazy-load rv_style_white_tablet tcb-lazy-load-youtube\" data-type=\"youtube\" data-rel=\"0\" data-modestbranding=\"1\" data-aspect-ratio=\"16:9\" data-aspect-ratio-default=\"0\" data-url=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/HeyHtCBcY8k\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f10d9\" data-float-visibility=\"mobile\" data-float-position=\"top-left\" data-float-width-d=\"300px\" data-float-padding1-d=\"25px\" data-float-padding2-d=\"25px\">\n\t\n\n\t<div class=\"tve_responsive_video_container\" style=\"padding-bottom: 56.25%;\">\n\t\t<div class=\"tcb-video-float-container\"><div class=\"video_overlay\"><\/div><iframe title=\"Responsive Video\" class=\"tcb-responsive-video\" data-code=\"HeyHtCBcY8k\" data-hash=\"undefined\" data-provider=\"youtube\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HeyHtCBcY8k?rel=0&amp;modestbranding=1&amp;controls=1&amp;showinfo=1&amp;fs=1&amp;wmode=transparent&amp;enablejsapi=1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\" data-type=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f10e1\" style=\"\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f10f2\" data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\" style=\"\">links mentioned in this episode:<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv-styled_list\" data-icon-code=\"icon-teach-solid\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1108\" style=\"\"><ul class=\"tcb-styled-list\"><li class=\"thrv-styled-list-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1118\" style=\"\"><div class=\"tcb-styled-list-icon\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_icon tve_no_drag tcb-no-delete tcb-no-clone tcb-no-save tcb-icon-inherit-style tcb-local-vars-root tcb-icon-display\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1124\" style=\"\"><svg class=\"tcb-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" data-id=\"icon-teach-solid\" data-name=\"\" style=\"\"><path d=\"M20,17A2,2 0 0,0 22,15V4A2,2 0 0,0 20,2H9.46C9.81,2.61 10,3.3 10,4H20V15H11V17M15,7V9H9V22H7V16H5V22H3V14H1.5V9A2,2 0 0,1 3.5,7H15M8,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,6A2,2 0 0,1 4,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,2A2,2 0 0,1 8,4Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><\/div><span class=\"thrv-advanced-inline-text tve_editable tcb-styled-list-icon-text tcb-no-delete tcb-no-save\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bartehrman.com\/bsa\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" style=\"outline: currentcolor;\">Biblical Studies Academy<\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"thrv-styled-list-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1158\" style=\"\"><div class=\"tcb-styled-list-icon\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_icon tve_no_drag tcb-no-delete tcb-no-clone tcb-no-save tcb-icon-inherit-style tcb-icon-display tcb-local-vars-root\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1161\" style=\"\"><svg class=\"tcb-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" data-id=\"icon-teach-solid\" data-name=\"\" style=\"\"><path d=\"M20,17A2,2 0 0,0 22,15V4A2,2 0 0,0 20,2H9.46C9.81,2.61 10,3.3 10,4H20V15H11V17M15,7V9H9V22H7V16H5V22H3V14H1.5V9A2,2 0 0,1 3.5,7H15M8,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,6A2,2 0 0,1 4,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,2A2,2 0 0,1 8,4Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><\/div><span class=\"thrv-advanced-inline-text tve_editable tcb-styled-list-icon-text tcb-no-delete tcb-no-save\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1177\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bartehrman.com\/gospelofpeter\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" style=\"outline: currentcolor;\">The Gospel of Peter<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\" data-type=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1180\" style=\"\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\" style=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1194\">episode description<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f11b2\" style=\"\"><p data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f11c1\" style=\"\">Disclaimer: We use an AI generation tool for episode summaries.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\"><p data-end=\"472\" data-start=\"128\">Episode 184 explores a central but often misunderstood Christian idea: hell as eternal fiery torment. Bart Ehrman argues that this widely held belief is not actually found in the Bible as traditionally assumed. Instead, he explains that both the Hebrew Bible and the teachings of Jesus<strong> lack any concept of eternal conscious torment after death<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-end=\"743\" data-start=\"474\">In the Hebrew Bible, humans are not seen as having immortal souls that survive death; rather, a person is a unified body animated by breath. When that breath ceases, the person no longer exists. <strong>Concepts like Sheol refer simply to the grave, not a place of punishment<\/strong>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_symbol thrive-shortcode thrv_symbol_25109\" data-shortcode=\"thrive_symbol\" data-id=\"25109\" data-selector=\".thrv_symbol_25109\"><div class=\"thrive-shortcode-config\" style=\"display: none !important\">__CONFIG_post_symbol__{\"id\":\"25109\"}__CONFIG_post_symbol__<\/div><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\"><p data-end=\"1164\" data-start=\"745\">Turning to the New Testament, Ehrman emphasizes that even passages often cited\u2014such as the \u201clake of fire\u201d in Revelation or Jesus\u2019 warnings about fire\u2014<strong>do not describe eternal torment<\/strong>. Instead, they reflect a belief in annihilation: the wicked are ultimately destroyed, not endlessly tortured. This aligns with Jewish apocalyptic thought, where a future resurrection leads either to eternal life or permanent destruction.<\/p><p data-end=\"1419\" data-start=\"1166\">The idea of hell as eternal suffering, Ehrman argues, emerges later as Christianity spreads into the Greek world. Influenced by Greek philosophy\u2014especially the notion of an immortal soul\u2014Christians began to reinterpret punishment as everlasting torment.<\/p><p data-end=\"1573\" data-start=\"1421\">The episode concludes that<strong> the modern doctrine of hell is a theological development, not a teaching rooted in Jesus<\/strong> or the earliest biblical traditions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\" data-type=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f11d9\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\" style=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f11e8\">ready to dive deeper?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f11f0\"><strong>Related Courses offered by Bart Ehrman and\/or Paths in Biblical Studies:<\/strong><\/p><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv-styled_list\" data-icon-code=\"icon-teach-solid\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1212\" style=\"\"><ul class=\"tcb-styled-list\"><li class=\"thrv-styled-list-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1224\" style=\"\"><div class=\"tcb-styled-list-icon\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_icon tve_no_drag tcb-no-delete tcb-no-clone tcb-no-save tcb-icon-inherit-style tcb-local-vars-root tcb-icon-display\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1236\" style=\"\"><svg class=\"tcb-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" data-id=\"icon-teach-solid\" data-name=\"\" style=\"\"><path d=\"M20,17A2,2 0 0,0 22,15V4A2,2 0 0,0 20,2H9.46C9.81,2.61 10,3.3 10,4H20V15H11V17M15,7V9H9V22H7V16H5V22H3V14H1.5V9A2,2 0 0,1 3.5,7H15M8,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,6A2,2 0 0,1 4,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,2A2,2 0 0,1 8,4Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><\/div><span class=\"thrv-advanced-inline-text tve_editable tcb-styled-list-icon-text tcb-no-delete tcb-no-save\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1241\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ehrman.thrivecart.com\/parables-of-jesus\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" style=\"outline: currentcolor;\">The Parables of Jesus: Jewish Insights into Gospel Ethics, Humor, and Provocation<\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"thrv-styled-list-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1260\" style=\"\"><div class=\"tcb-styled-list-icon\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_icon tve_no_drag tcb-no-delete tcb-no-clone tcb-no-save tcb-icon-inherit-style tcb-icon-display tcb-local-vars-root\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1279\" style=\"\"><svg class=\"tcb-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" data-id=\"icon-teach-solid\" data-name=\"\" style=\"\"><path d=\"M20,17A2,2 0 0,0 22,15V4A2,2 0 0,0 20,2H9.46C9.81,2.61 10,3.3 10,4H20V15H11V17M15,7V9H9V22H7V16H5V22H3V14H1.5V9A2,2 0 0,1 3.5,7H15M8,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,6A2,2 0 0,1 4,4A2,2 0 0,1 6,2A2,2 0 0,1 8,4Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><\/div><span class=\"thrv-advanced-inline-text tve_editable tcb-styled-list-icon-text tcb-no-delete tcb-no-save\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1287\"><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.bartehrman.com\/jesus-and-the-old-testament\" target=\"_blank\">Jesus and the Old Testament<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1297\"><strong>Related Articles (Free Resources): <\/strong><\/p><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv-styled_list\" data-icon-code=\"icon-text-box-search-solid\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f12a3\" style=\"\"><ul class=\"tcb-styled-list\"><li class=\"thrv-styled-list-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f12c2\" style=\"\"><div class=\"tcb-styled-list-icon\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_icon tve_no_drag tcb-no-delete tcb-no-clone tcb-no-save tcb-icon-inherit-style tcb-local-vars-root tcb-icon-display\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f12d3\" style=\"\"><svg class=\"tcb-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" data-id=\"icon-text-box-search-solid\" data-name=\"\"><path d=\"M15.5,12C18,12 20,14 20,16.5C20,17.38 19.75,18.21 19.31,18.9L22.39,22L21,23.39L17.88,20.32C17.19,20.75 16.37,21 15.5,21C13,21 11,19 11,16.5C11,14 13,12 15.5,12M15.5,14A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 13,16.5A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 15.5,19A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 18,16.5A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 15.5,14M7,15V17H9C9.14,18.55 9.8,19.94 10.81,21H5C3.89,21 3,20.1 3,19V5C3,3.89 3.89,3 5,3H19A2,2 0 0,1 21,5V13.03C19.85,11.21 17.82,10 15.5,10C14.23,10 13.04,10.37 12.04,11H7V13H10C9.64,13.6 9.34,14.28 9.17,15H7M17,9V7H7V9H17Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><\/div><span class=\"thrv-advanced-inline-text tve_editable tcb-styled-list-icon-text tcb-no-delete tcb-no-save\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f12e7\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bartehrman.com\/parable-of-the-good-samaritan\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" style=\"outline: currentcolor;\">The Parable of the Good Samaritan<\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"thrv-styled-list-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1306\" style=\"\"><div class=\"tcb-styled-list-icon\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_icon tve_no_drag tcb-no-delete tcb-no-clone tcb-no-save tcb-icon-inherit-style tcb-icon-display tcb-local-vars-root\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1318\" style=\"\"><svg class=\"tcb-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" data-id=\"icon-text-box-search-solid\" data-name=\"\"><path d=\"M15.5,12C18,12 20,14 20,16.5C20,17.38 19.75,18.21 19.31,18.9L22.39,22L21,23.39L17.88,20.32C17.19,20.75 16.37,21 15.5,21C13,21 11,19 11,16.5C11,14 13,12 15.5,12M15.5,14A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 13,16.5A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 15.5,19A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 18,16.5A2.5,2.5 0 0,0 15.5,14M7,15V17H9C9.14,18.55 9.8,19.94 10.81,21H5C3.89,21 3,20.1 3,19V5C3,3.89 3.89,3 5,3H19A2,2 0 0,1 21,5V13.03C19.85,11.21 17.82,10 15.5,10C14.23,10 13.04,10.37 12.04,11H7V13H10C9.64,13.6 9.34,14.28 9.17,15H7M17,9V7H7V9H17Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><\/div><span class=\"thrv-advanced-inline-text tve_editable tcb-styled-list-icon-text tcb-no-delete tcb-no-save\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1328\"><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.bartehrman.com\/jesus-and-the-old-testament\" target=\"_blank\">Jesus and the Old Testament<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\" data-type=\"\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1336\" style=\"\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f10f2\" data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"42px\" style=\"\">ways to watch or listen to the misquoting jesus podcast:<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv-styled_list\" data-icon-code=\"icon-teach-solid\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1344\" style=\"\"><ul class=\"tcb-styled-list\"><li class=\"thrv-styled-list-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1360\" style=\"\"><div class=\"tcb-styled-list-icon\"><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_icon tve_no_drag tcb-no-delete tcb-no-clone tcb-no-save tcb-icon-inherit-style tcb-local-vars-root tcb-icon-display tcb-excluded-from-group-item\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f1372\" style=\"\"><svg class=\"tcb-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" data-id=\"icon-youtube-brands\" data-name=\"\" style=\"\"><!--! 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Font Awesome Free 6.7.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M319.4 372c48.5-31.3 80.6-85.9 80.6-148c0-97.2-78.8-176-176-176S48 126.8 48 224c0 62.1 32.1 116.6 80.6 148c1.2 17.3 4 38 7.2 57.1l.2 1C56 395.8 0 316.5 0 224C0 100.3 100.3 0 224 0S448 100.3 448 224c0 92.5-56 171.9-136 206.1l.2-1.1c3.1-19.2 6-39.8 7.2-57zm-2.3-38.1c-1.6-5.7-3.9-11.1-7-16.2c-5.8-9.7-13.5-17-21.9-22.4c19.5-17.6 31.8-43 31.8-71.3c0-53-43-96-96-96s-96 43-96 96c0 28.3 12.3 53.8 31.8 71.3c-8.4 5.4-16.1 12.7-21.9 22.4c-3.1 5.1-5.4 10.5-7 16.2C99.8 307.5 80 268 80 224c0-79.5 64.5-144 144-144s144 64.5 144 144c0 44-19.8 83.5-50.9 109.9zM224 312c32.9 0 64 8.6 64 43.8c0 33-12.9 104.1-20.6 132.9c-5.1 19-24.5 23.4-43.4 23.4s-38.2-4.4-43.4-23.4c-7.8-28.5-20.6-99.7-20.6-132.8c0-35.1 31.1-43.8 64-43.8zm0-144a56 56 0 1 1 0 112 56 56 0 1 1 0-112z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><\/div><span class=\"thrv-advanced-inline-text tve_editable tcb-styled-list-icon-text tcb-no-delete tcb-no-save\" data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f13c0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/misquoting-jesus-with-bart-ehrman\/id1650657462\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" style=\"outline: none;\">Apple Podcasts<\/a> (audio only)<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"thrv_wrapper thrv_text_element\"><p dir=\"ltr\">And many more! &nbsp;<em>Just search for the show title in your favorite podcast app!<\/em><\/p><\/div>","tve_custom_css":"@media (min-width: 300px){:not(#tve) [data-css=\"tve-u-69fa8dff9f11c1\"] { font-size: 16px !important; 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